diff --git a/application/api/controller/References.php b/application/api/controller/References.php
index fbc6b6be..2ca9eca1 100644
--- a/application/api/controller/References.php
+++ b/application/api/controller/References.php
@@ -1533,7 +1533,7 @@ class References extends Base
      * POST/GET: p_refer_id（必填）
      *          p_article_id（可选）
      *
-     * 仅重跑 status=3（校对失败）的记录；不改动 refer_text，只重置结果字段后入 ReferenceCheck 队列。
+     * 仅重跑 status=3（校对失败）的记录；不改动 refer_text，只重置结果字段后入 RabbitMQ 批次队列。
      * 返回：p_refer_id、p_article_id、reset、queued、check_ids、queue
      */
     public function referenceCheckRecheckFailedAI()
diff --git a/application/api/job/ReferenceCheck.php b/application/api/job/ReferenceCheck.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 3977e39e..00000000
--- a/application/api/job/ReferenceCheck.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-namespace app\api\job;
-
-use think\Db;
-use think\queue\Job;
-use app\common\QueueJob;
-use app\common\QueueRedis;
-use app\common\ReferenceCheckService;
-
-class ReferenceCheck
-{
-    private $oQueueJob;
-    private $QueueRedis;
-    private $completedExprie = 3600;
-
-    public function __construct()
-    {
-        $this->oQueueJob = new QueueJob();
-        $this->QueueRedis = QueueRedis::getInstance();
-    }
-
-    public function fire(Job $job, $data)
-    {
-        $this->oQueueJob->init($job);
-
-        $rawBody = empty($job->getRawBody()) ? '' : $job->getRawBody();
-        $jobData = empty($rawBody) ? [] : json_decode($rawBody, true);
-        $jobId = empty($jobData['id']) ? 'unknown' : $jobData['id'];
-
-        $sRedisKey = '';
-        $sRedisValue = '';
-
-        $this->oQueueJob->log("-----------队列任务开始-----------");
-        $this->oQueueJob->log("当前任务ID: {$jobId}, 尝试次数: {$job->attempts()}");
-
-        try {
-            $checkId = intval(isset($data['check_id']) ? $data['check_id'] : 0);
-            if ($checkId <= 0 && !empty($jobData['data']['check_id'])) {
-                $checkId = intval($jobData['data']['check_id']);
-            }
-            if ($checkId <= 0) {
-                $job->delete();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            $row = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->find();
-            if (empty($row)) {
-                $job->delete();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            if (intval($row['status']) === ReferenceCheckService::RECORD_COMPLETED) {
-                $job->delete();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            $sClassName = get_class($this);
-            $sRedisKey = "queue_job:{$sClassName}:{$checkId}";
-            $sRedisValue = uniqid() . '_' . getmypid();
-
-            $svc = new ReferenceCheckService();
-            $svc->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
-
-            if (!$this->oQueueJob->acquireLock($sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job)) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            try {
-                $svc->runReferenceCheckOnce($checkId);
-
-                $amId = intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
-                if ($amId > 0) {
-                    $svc->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
-                }
-                $this->QueueRedis->finishJob($sRedisKey, 'completed', $this->completedExprie, $sRedisValue);
-                $job->delete();
-                $this->oQueueJob->log("任务执行成功 | 日志ID: {$sRedisKey}");
-            } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                $this->oQueueJob->log('ReferenceCheck error: ' . $e->getMessage());
-                if ($job->attempts() >= 3) {
-                    $this->markFailed($checkId, $e->getMessage());
-                    $job->delete();
-                    return;
-                }
-                $job->release(30);
-            }
-        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
-            $this->oQueueJob->handleRetryableException($e, $sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job);
-        } catch (\LogicException $e) {
-            $this->oQueueJob->handleNonRetryableException($e, $sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            $this->oQueueJob->handleRetryableException($e, $sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job);
-        } finally {
-            $this->oQueueJob->finnal();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private function markFailed($checkId, $msg)
-    {
-        $row = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->find();
-        try {
-            (new ReferenceCheckService())->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
-                'status'    => ReferenceCheckService::RECORD_FAILED,
-                'error_msg' => $msg,
-            ]);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            \think\Log::error('ReferenceCheck markFailed: ' . $e->getMessage());
-        }
-        $amId = empty($row) ? 0 : intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
-        if ($amId > 0) {
-            (new ReferenceCheckService())->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/application/api/job/ReferenceCheckTwo.php b/application/api/job/ReferenceCheckTwo.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 53cb0939..00000000
--- a/application/api/job/ReferenceCheckTwo.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-namespace app\api\job;
-
-use think\Db;
-use think\queue\Job;
-use app\common\QueueJob;
-use app\common\QueueRedis;
-use app\common\ReferenceCheckService;
-use app\common\service\LLMService;
-
-class ReferenceCheckTwo
-{
-    private $oQueueJob;
-    private $QueueRedis;
-    private $completedExprie = 3600;
-
-    public function __construct()
-    {
-        $this->oQueueJob = new QueueJob();
-        $this->QueueRedis = QueueRedis::getInstance();
-    }
-
-    public function fire(Job $job, $data)
-    {
-        $this->oQueueJob->init($job);
-
-        $rawBody = empty($job->getRawBody()) ? '' : $job->getRawBody();
-        $jobData = empty($rawBody) ? [] : json_decode($rawBody, true);
-        $jobId = empty($jobData['id']) ? 'unknown' : $jobData['id'];
-
-        $sRedisKey = '';
-        $sRedisValue = '';
-
-        $this->oQueueJob->log("-----------队列任务开始-----------");
-        $this->oQueueJob->log("当前任务ID: {$jobId}, 尝试次数: {$job->attempts()}");
-
-        try {
-            $checkId = intval(isset($data['check_id']) ? $data['check_id'] : 0);
-            if ($checkId <= 0 && !empty($jobData['data']['check_id'])) {
-                $checkId = intval($jobData['data']['check_id']);
-            }
-            $sClassName = get_class($this);
-            $sRedisKey = "queue_job_two:{$sClassName}:{$checkId}";
-            $sRedisValue = uniqid() . '_' . getmypid();
-
-            if (!$this->oQueueJob->acquireLock($sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job)) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            if ($checkId <= 0) {
-                $job->delete();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            $row = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->find();
-            if (empty($row)) {
-                $job->delete();
-                return;
-            }
-
-//            if (intval($row['status']) === ReferenceCheckService::RECORD_COMPLETED) {
-//                $job->delete();
-//                return;
-//            }
-
-            try {
-                $svc = new ReferenceCheckService();
-
-                $contentA = $svc->resolveMainContentForJob($row);
-                $referText = trim((string)(isset($row['refer_text']) ? $row['refer_text'] : ''));
-                $refer = null;
-
-                if (intval($row['p_refer_id']) > 0) {
-                    $refer = Db::name('production_article_refer')
-                        ->where('p_refer_id', intval($row['p_refer_id']))
-                        ->where('state', 0)
-                        ->find();
-                }
-
-                $payload = $svc->prepareRecheckPayload(is_array($refer) ? $refer : [], $referText);
-                $doiBlock = $payload['doi_block'];
-
-                if ($contentA === '' || $referText === '') {
-                    $this->markFailed($checkId, 'Missing article_main.content or refer_text');
-                    $job->delete();
-                    return;
-                }
-                $llm = new LLMService();
-                $llmResult = $llm->checkReference($contentA, $referText, true, $doiBlock);
-
-                $requestFailed = !empty($llmResult['request_failed']);
-                $canSupport = $svc->parseLlmCanSupport($llmResult);
-                $tag = $payload['has_abstract']
-                    ? ('[Crossref复核' . ($payload['doi_used'] !== '' ? ' ' . $payload['doi_used'] : '') . ']')
-                    : '[Crossref复核-无摘要]';
-                $reason = $tag . ' ' . (isset($llmResult['reason']) ? $llmResult['reason'] : '');
-
-                // LLM 通讯失败：写 status=RECORD_FAILED(3) 并抛异常触发队列重试
-                if ($requestFailed) {
-                    $svc->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
-                        'confidence' => floatval($llmResult['confidence']),
-                        'reason'     => $reason,
-                        'status'     => ReferenceCheckService::RECORD_FAILED,
-                        'error_msg'  => isset($llmResult['reason']) ? $llmResult['reason'] : 'LLM request failed',
-                    ]);
-                    throw new \RuntimeException(isset($llmResult['reason']) ? $llmResult['reason'] : 'LLM request failed');
-                }
-
-                $affected = $svc->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
-                    'can_support' => $canSupport ? 1 : 0,
-                    'is_match'    => $canSupport ? 1 : 0,
-                    'confidence'  => floatval($llmResult['confidence']),
-                    'reason'      => $reason,
-                    'status'      => ReferenceCheckService::RECORD_COMPLETED,
-                    'error_msg'   => '',
-                ]);
-                $this->oQueueJob->log("Crossref复核写入 id={$checkId} affected={$affected} can_support=" . ($canSupport ? 1 : 0) . " confidence=" . floatval($llmResult['confidence']));
-
-                $amId = intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
-                if ($amId > 0) {
-                    $svc->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
-                }
-                $this->QueueRedis->finishJob($sRedisKey, 'completed', $this->completedExprie, $sRedisValue);
-                $job->delete();
-                $this->oQueueJob->log("任务执行成功 | 日志ID: {$sRedisKey}");
-            } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                $this->oQueueJob->log('ReferenceCheckTwo error: ' . $e->getMessage());
-                if ($job->attempts() >= 3) {
-                    $this->markFailed($checkId, $e->getMessage());
-                    $job->delete();
-                    return;
-                }
-                $job->release(30);
-            }
-        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) {
-            $this->oQueueJob->handleRetryableException($e, $sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job);
-        } catch (\LogicException $e) {
-            $this->oQueueJob->handleNonRetryableException($e, $sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            $this->oQueueJob->handleRetryableException($e, $sRedisKey, $sRedisValue, $job);
-        } finally {
-            $this->oQueueJob->finnal();
-        }
-    }
-
-    private function markFailed($checkId, $msg)
-    {
-        $row = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->find();
-        try {
-            (new ReferenceCheckService())->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
-                'status'    => ReferenceCheckService::RECORD_FAILED,
-                'error_msg' => $msg,
-            ]);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            \think\Log::error('ReferenceCheckTwo markFailed: ' . $e->getMessage());
-        }
-        $amId = empty($row) ? 0 : intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
-        if ($amId > 0) {
-            (new ReferenceCheckService())->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/application/command.php b/application/command.php
index 826bb2b2..43892e98 100644
--- a/application/command.php
+++ b/application/command.php
@@ -9,4 +9,6 @@
 // | Author: yunwuxin <448901948@qq.com>
 // +----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-return [];
+return [
+    'app\\command\\ReferenceCheckMqConsume',
+];
diff --git a/application/common/ReferenceCheckService.php b/application/common/ReferenceCheckService.php
index 89ef6b8a..e551a482 100644
--- a/application/common/ReferenceCheckService.php
+++ b/application/common/ReferenceCheckService.php
@@ -4,16 +4,17 @@ namespace app\common;
 
 use think\Db;
 use think\Env;
-use think\Queue;
 use app\common\service\LLMService;
+use app\common\mq\ReferenceCheckMqPublisher;
 
 /**
  * 正文 &lt;blue&gt;[n]&lt;/blue&gt; 引用与 t_production_article_refer（index+1=n）相关性校对。
- * LLM 配置与 PromotionLlmService 相同；单条任务走 ReferenceCheck 队列。
+ * LLM 配置与 PromotionLlmService 相同；异步任务走 RabbitMQ（一篇一条消息）。
  */
 class ReferenceCheckService
 {
-    const QUEUE_NAME = 'ReferenceCheck';
+    /** API 返回：异步传输方式（RabbitMQ 文章批次） */
+    const TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ = 'rabbitmq';
 
     /** t_article_main.type */
     const MAIN_TYPE_TEXT = 0;
@@ -29,6 +30,9 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
     /** @var bool|null t_article_main 是否已有 ref_check_status 列 */
     private static $amRefCheckStatusColumnExists = null;
 
+    /** 单条任务最多重试次数（不含首次执行） */
+    const QUEUE_MAX_RETRY = 1;
+
     /**
      * 引用校对状态（生命周期顺序：0→1→2→3 = 待→进行→完成→失败）
      *
@@ -56,6 +60,12 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
     const RECORD_COMPLETED  = 2; // 校对完成
     const RECORD_FAILED     = 3; // 校对失败
 
+    /** 队列执行状态（queue_status） */
+    const QUEUE_PENDING   = 0; // 已入队待执行
+    const QUEUE_RUNNING   = 1; // worker 正在执行
+    const QUEUE_COMPLETED = 2; // 执行完成
+    const QUEUE_FAILED    = 3; // 最终失败（重试耗尽）
+
     /** LLM 评分（confidence）通过阈值：>= 该值视为"通过" */
     const PASS_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD = 0.65;
 
@@ -69,6 +79,12 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
     const BLUE_TAG_REGEX = '/<blue>\[([\d,，\-\x{2013}\x{2014}\x{2212}\x{2010}\x{2011}\s]+)\]<\/blue>/u';
     const BLUE_TAG_REGEX_BRACKET_OUTSIDE = '/\[<blue>([\d,，\-\x{2013}\x{2014}\x{2212}\x{2010}\x{2011}\s]+)<\/blue>\]/u';
 
+    private $logFile;
+
+    public function __construct()
+    {
+        $this->logFile = ROOT_PATH . 'runtime' . DS . 'plagiarism_task.log';
+    }
     /**
      * 兼容无 ?? 的 PHP 版本
      */
@@ -77,6 +93,27 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         return isset($arr[$key]) ? $arr[$key] : $default;
     }
 
+    /** 新建/重置校对明细时的队列初始字段 */
+    private function newCheckRecordFields(array $fields, $queueStatus = self::QUEUE_PENDING, $retryCount = 0)
+    {
+        $fields['queue_status'] = intval($queueStatus);
+        $fields['retry_count'] = max(0, intval($retryCount));
+        return $fields;
+    }
+
+    public function markQueueRuntime($checkId, $queueStatus, $retryCount = null)
+    {
+        $checkId = intval($checkId);
+        if ($checkId <= 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        $fields = ['queue_status' => intval($queueStatus)];
+        if ($retryCount !== null) {
+            $fields['retry_count'] = max(0, intval($retryCount));
+        }
+        return Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->update($fields);
+    }
+
     /**
      * 合并匹配两种 blue 引用排版，按在正文中的起始位置排序。
      *
@@ -128,7 +165,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         }
 
         $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-        $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId([
+        $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId($this->newCheckRecordFields([
             'article_id'      => intval($this->arrGet($extra, 'article_id', 0)),
             'am_id'           => intval($this->arrGet($extra, 'am_id', 0)),
             'p_article_id'    => intval($this->arrGet($extra, 'p_article_id', 0)),
@@ -145,14 +182,14 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'status'          => 0,
             'created_at'      => $now,
             'updated_at'      => $now,
-        ]);
+        ]));
 
         $amId = intval($this->arrGet($extra, 'am_id', 0));
         if ($amId > 0) {
             $this->setAmRefCheckStatus($amId, self::AM_STATUS_RUNNING);
         }
 
-        $this->pushJob(intval($checkId), intval($this->arrGet($extra, 'queue_delay', 0)));
+        $this->startArticleCheckQueue([intval($checkId)], intval($this->arrGet($extra, 'p_article_id', 0)), 'enqueue');
 
         return ['check_id' => $checkId, 'queued' => 1];
     }
@@ -190,7 +227,8 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         }
 
         $skipped = 0;
-        $delay = 0;
+        $pendingJobs = [];
+        $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
         foreach ($citations as $cite) {
             foreach ($cite['reference_numbers'] as $refNo) {
                 $referIndex = $refNo - 1;
@@ -201,9 +239,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                 $refer = $referMap[$referIndex];
                 $referText = $this->formatReferForLlm($refer);
 
-                $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-                // [70-73] 展开为 reference_no=70,71,72,73 共 4 条记录
-                $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId([
+                $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId($this->newCheckRecordFields([
                     'article_id'      => $main['article_id'],
                     'p_article_id'    => $pArticleId,
                     'am_id'           => intval($main['am_id']),
@@ -211,22 +247,27 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                     'refer_index'     => $refNo,
                     'origin_text'     => $cite['original_text'],
                     'refer_text'      => $referText,
-                    'p_refer_id'        => $referMap[$referIndex]['p_refer_id'],
+                    'p_refer_id'      => $referMap[$referIndex]['p_refer_id'],
                     'text_start'      => $cite['text_start'],
                     'text_end'        => $cite['text_end'],
+                    'status'          => self::RECORD_PENDING,
                     'created_at'      => $now,
                     'updated_at'      => $now,
-                ]);
-                $this->pushJob(intval($checkId), $delay);
-                $checkIds[] = $checkId;
-                $delay += 1;
+                ]));
+                $pendingJobs[] = [
+                    'check_id'     => intval($checkId),
+                    'reference_no' => intval($refNo),
+                    'am_id'        => intval($main['am_id']),
+                    'text_start'   => intval($cite['text_start']),
+                ];
             }
         }
 
+        $this->enqueueChecksSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs, $pArticleId, 'enqueue');
         $this->setAmRefCheckStatus($amId, self::AM_STATUS_RUNNING);
     }
     /**
-     * 手工触发：对已完成且 confidence<=0.65 的记录入队 DOI 第二轮复核
+     * 手工触发：对已完成且 confidence<=0.65 的记录同步执行 Crossref 二轮复核
      */
     public function enqueueSecondPassByArticle($articleId)
     {
@@ -247,7 +288,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         $delay2 = 0;
         foreach ($rows as $checkLog) {
             $rowId = $this->resolveCheckRowId($checkLog);
-            if ($this->maybeEnqueueSecondPass($rowId, floatval($checkLog['confidence']))) {
+            if ($this->runSecondPassIfNeeded($rowId, floatval($checkLog['confidence']))) {
                 $checkIds2[] = $rowId;
                 $delay2 += 1;
             }
@@ -299,7 +340,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                     $referText = $this->formatReferForLlm($refer);
 
                     // [70-73] 展开为 reference_no=70,71,72,73 共 4 条记录；先入队表，再按文献号正序校对
-                    $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId([
+                    $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId($this->newCheckRecordFields([
                         'article_id'      => $main['article_id'],
                         'p_article_id'    => $pArticleId,
                         'am_id'           => $amId,
@@ -310,9 +351,10 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                         'p_refer_id'      => $referMap[$referIndex]['p_refer_id'],
                         'text_start'      => $cite['text_start'],
                         'text_end'        => $cite['text_end'],
+                        'status'          => self::RECORD_PENDING,
                         'created_at'      => $now,
                         'updated_at'      => $now,
-                    ]);
+                    ]));
 
                     $pendingJobs[] = [
                         'check_id'     => intval($checkId),
@@ -325,8 +367,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                 }
             }
         }
-
-        $checkIds = $this->pushJobsSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs);
+        $checkIds = $this->enqueueChecksSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs, $pArticleId, 'enqueue');
         foreach (array_keys($amIdsWithJobs) as $amId) {
             $this->setAmRefCheckStatus($amId, self::AM_STATUS_RUNNING);
         }
@@ -337,7 +378,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'queued'       => $queued,
             'skipped'      => $skipped,
             'check_ids'    => $checkIds,
-            'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+            'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
         ];
     }
     public function enqueueByArticle($articleId){
@@ -386,7 +427,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                     $referText = $this->formatReferForLlm($refer);
 
                     // [70-73] 展开为 reference_no=70,71,72,73 共 4 条记录；先入队表，再按文献号正序校对
-                    $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId([
+                    $checkId = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->insertGetId($this->newCheckRecordFields([
                         'article_id'      => $main['article_id'],
                         'p_article_id'    => $pArticleId,
                         'am_id'           => $amId,
@@ -397,9 +438,10 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                         'p_refer_id'      => $referMap[$referIndex]['p_refer_id'],
                         'text_start'      => $cite['text_start'],
                         'text_end'        => $cite['text_end'],
+                        'status'          => self::RECORD_PENDING,
                         'created_at'      => $now,
                         'updated_at'      => $now,
-                    ]);
+                    ]));
 
                     $pendingJobs[] = [
                         'check_id'     => intval($checkId),
@@ -413,7 +455,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             }
         }
 
-        $checkIds = $this->pushJobsSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs);
+        $checkIds = $this->enqueueChecksSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs, $pArticleId, 'enqueue');
         foreach (array_keys($amIdsWithJobs) as $amId) {
             $this->setAmRefCheckStatus($amId, self::AM_STATUS_RUNNING);
         }
@@ -424,7 +466,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'queued'       => $queued,
             'skipped'      => $skipped,
             'check_ids'    => $checkIds,
-            'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+            'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
         ];
     }
 
@@ -524,14 +566,6 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             ->whereIn('state', [0, 2])
             ->value('article_id'));
 
-        // 先清掉旧记录对应的队列 Redis 锁，避免在途 worker 写回数据
-        $oldIds = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')
-            ->where('p_article_id', $pArticleId)
-            ->column('id');
-        foreach ($oldIds as $oldId) {
-            $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock(intval($oldId));
-        }
-
         $deleted = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')
             ->where('p_article_id', $pArticleId)
             ->delete();
@@ -553,14 +587,6 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             return 0;
         }
 
-        // 先清掉旧记录对应的队列 Redis 锁，否则同 check_id 在 TTL 内不会再次执行
-        $oldIds = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')
-            ->where('article_id', $articleId)
-            ->column('id');
-        foreach ($oldIds as $oldId) {
-            $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock(intval($oldId));
-        }
-
         $deleted = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('article_id', $articleId)->delete();
         if ($this->hasAmRefCheckStatusColumn()) {
             Db::name('article_main')
@@ -1518,7 +1544,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
      * 编辑某条文献内容后，按 p_refer_id 异步重新校对该文献对应的全部 check 明细
      *
      * 流程：刷新 refer_text/refer_index → 重置 status/is_match/confidence/reason
-     *      → 设节级 ref_check_status=RUNNING → 投递到 ReferenceCheck 队列
+     *      → 设节级 ref_check_status=RUNNING → 投递 RabbitMQ 文章批次
      *
      * 与 recheckByRefer 的差异：本方法**不**在请求内同步跑 LLM，仅入队，立即返回。
      * 前端可调 getProgressByPArticleId 轮询进度。
@@ -1567,11 +1593,11 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                 'reset'        => 0,
                 'queued'       => 0,
                 'check_ids'    => [],
-                'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+                'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
             ];
         }
 
-        $resetFields = [
+        $resetFields = $this->newCheckRecordFields([
             'refer_text'   => $referText,
             'refer_index'  => $referenceNo,
             'reference_no' => $referenceNo,
@@ -1582,14 +1608,13 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'reason'       => '',
             'error_msg'    => '',
             'updated_at'   => $now,
-        ];
+        ], self::QUEUE_PENDING, 0);
 
         $pendingJobs = [];
         $amIds = [];
         foreach ($rows as $row) {
             $checkId = $this->resolveCheckRowId($row);
             Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->update($resetFields);
-            $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
             $pendingJobs[] = [
                 'check_id'     => $checkId,
                 'reference_no' => $referenceNo,
@@ -1606,7 +1631,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             $this->setAmRefCheckStatus($amId, self::AM_STATUS_RUNNING);
         }
 
-        $checkIds = $this->pushJobsSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs);
+        $checkIds = $this->enqueueChecksSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs, $pArticleId, 'enqueue');
 
         return [
             'p_refer_id'   => $pReferId,
@@ -1615,7 +1640,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'reset'        => count($rows),
             'queued'       => count($checkIds),
             'check_ids'    => $checkIds,
-            'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+            'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
         ];
     }
 
@@ -1652,7 +1677,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                 'reset'        => 0,
                 'queued'       => 0,
                 'check_ids'    => [],
-                'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+                'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
             ];
         }
 
@@ -1661,7 +1686,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         }
 
         $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
-        $resetFields = [
+        $resetFields = $this->newCheckRecordFields([
             'status'      => self::RECORD_PENDING,
             'is_match'    => 0,
             'can_support' => 0,
@@ -1669,14 +1694,13 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'reason'      => '',
             'error_msg'   => '',
             'updated_at'  => $now,
-        ];
+        ], self::QUEUE_PENDING, 0);
 
         $pendingJobs = [];
         $amIds = [];
         foreach ($rows as $row) {
             $checkId = $this->resolveCheckRowId($row);
             Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkId)->update($resetFields);
-            $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
             $pendingJobs[] = [
                 'check_id'     => $checkId,
                 'reference_no' => intval($this->arrGet($row, 'reference_no', 0)),
@@ -1693,7 +1717,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             $this->setAmRefCheckStatus($amId, self::AM_STATUS_RUNNING);
         }
 
-        $checkIds = $this->pushJobsSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs);
+        $checkIds = $this->enqueueChecksSortedByReferenceNo($pendingJobs, $pArticleId, 'recheck_failed');
 
         return [
             'p_refer_id'   => $pReferId,
@@ -1701,7 +1725,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'reset'        => count($rows),
             'queued'       => count($checkIds),
             'check_ids'    => $checkIds,
-            'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+            'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
         ];
     }
 
@@ -1735,11 +1759,11 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                 'reset'        => 0,
                 'queued'       => 0,
                 'check_ids'    => [],
-                'queue'        => self::QUEUE_NAME,
+                'queue'        => self::TRANSPORT_RABBITMQ,
             ];
         }
 
-        $resetFields = [
+        $resetFields = $this->newCheckRecordFields([
             'refer_text'   => $referText,
             'p_refer_id'   => $pReferId,
             'p_article_id' => $pArticleId,
@@ -1751,7 +1775,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'reason'       => '',
             'error_msg'    => '',
             'updated_at'   => $now,
-        ];
+        ], self::QUEUE_PENDING, 0);
 
         $pendingJobs = [];
         $amIds = [];
@@ -1790,7 +1814,6 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         foreach ($pendingJobs as $job) {
             $checkId = intval($job['check_id']);
             $checkIds[] = $checkId;
-            $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
             try {
                 $results[] = $this->runReferenceCheckOnce($checkId);
             } catch (\Exception $e) {
@@ -1819,31 +1842,6 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         ];
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 清除队列 Redis 完成标记，避免重检任务被 acquireLock 静默丢弃
-     */
-    public function clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId)
-    {
-        $checkId = intval($checkId);
-        if ($checkId <= 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-        try {
-            $keys = [];
-            foreach (['queue_job', 'queue_job_two'] as $prefix) {
-                $class = $prefix === 'queue_job_two'
-                    ? 'app\\api\\job\\ReferenceCheckTwo'
-                    : 'app\\api\\job\\ReferenceCheck';
-                $base = $prefix . ':' . $class . ':' . $checkId;
-                $keys[] = $base;
-                $keys[] = $base . ':status';
-            }
-            QueueRedis::getInstance()->deleteRedisKeys($keys);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            \think\Log::warning('clearReferenceCheckQueueLock id=' . $checkId . ' ' . $e->getMessage());
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * 执行一次引用 LLM 校对（同步，写回 article_reference_check_result）
      */
@@ -1884,8 +1882,7 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         $confidence = floatval(isset($llmResult['confidence']) ? $llmResult['confidence'] : 0);
         $reason = isset($llmResult['reason']) ? $llmResult['reason'] : '';
 
-        // LLM 通讯失败：写 status=RECORD_FAILED(3) + error_msg，抛异常让队列 worker 走 release(30) 重试；
-        // 重试 3 次后 ReferenceCheck::markFailed 会保持 status=3 收尾
+        // LLM 通讯失败：写 status=RECORD_FAILED(3) + error_msg，抛异常由 MQ worker 重试
         if ($requestFailed) {
             $this->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
                 'confidence' => $confidence,
@@ -1893,7 +1890,6 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
                 'status'     => self::RECORD_FAILED,
                 'error_msg'  => $reason,
             ]);
-            $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
             throw new \RuntimeException($reason !== '' ? $reason : 'LLM request failed');
         }
 
@@ -1906,8 +1902,9 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             'error_msg'   => '',
         ]);
 
-        $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
-        $this->maybeEnqueueSecondPass($checkId, $confidence);
+        if ($confidence <= self::PASS_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD) {
+            $this->runSecondPassBlocking($checkId, $row, $contentA, $refer, $contentB);
+        }
 
         return [
             'check_id'     => $checkId,
@@ -1918,6 +1915,82 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
         ];
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 低分结果的二轮 DOI 复核（同步阻塞执行；失败重试一次）
+     */
+    public function runSecondPassBlocking($checkId, array $row, $contentA, $refer, $referText)
+    {
+        $checkId = intval($checkId);
+        if ($checkId <= 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $payload = $this->prepareRecheckPayload(is_array($refer) ? $refer : [], trim((string)$referText));
+        if (empty($payload['has_abstract']) || trim((string)$payload['doi_block']) === '') {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $lastError = '';
+        for ($attempt = 0; $attempt < 2; $attempt++) {
+            try {
+                $llmResult = (new LLMService())->checkReference($contentA, trim((string)$referText), true, $payload['doi_block']);
+                $requestFailed = !empty($llmResult['request_failed']);
+                $canSupport = $this->parseLlmCanSupport($llmResult);
+                $confidence = floatval(isset($llmResult['confidence']) ? $llmResult['confidence'] : 0);
+                $tag = '[Crossref复核' . (trim((string)$payload['doi_used']) !== '' ? (' ' . trim((string)$payload['doi_used'])) : '') . ']';
+                $reason = $tag . ' ' . (isset($llmResult['reason']) ? $llmResult['reason'] : '');
+
+                if ($requestFailed) {
+                    $lastError = isset($llmResult['reason']) ? (string)$llmResult['reason'] : 'LLM request failed';
+                    if ($attempt < 1) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    $this->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
+                        'confidence' => $confidence,
+                        'reason'     => $reason,
+                        'status'     => self::RECORD_FAILED,
+                        'error_msg'  => $lastError,
+                    ]);
+                    $amId = intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
+                    if ($amId > 0) {
+                        $this->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                $this->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
+                    'can_support' => $canSupport ? 1 : 0,
+                    'is_match'    => $canSupport ? 1 : 0,
+                    'confidence'  => $confidence,
+                    'reason'      => $reason,
+                    'status'      => self::RECORD_COMPLETED,
+                    'error_msg'   => '',
+                ]);
+                $amId = intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
+                if ($amId > 0) {
+                    $this->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
+                }
+                return true;
+            } catch (\Exception $e) {
+                $lastError = $e->getMessage();
+                if ($attempt < 1) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                $this->updateCheckResult($checkId, [
+                    'status'    => self::RECORD_FAILED,
+                    'error_msg' => $lastError,
+                ]);
+                $amId = intval(isset($row['am_id']) ? $row['am_id'] : 0);
+                if ($amId > 0) {
+                    $this->syncAmRefCheckStatus($amId);
+                }
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @return array{refer: array, p_article_id: int, p_refer_id: int, reference_no: int}
      */
@@ -2622,18 +2695,13 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
     }
 
     /**
-     * 第一轮 confidence<=0.65 且能抓到 DOI 真实内容时，延迟入队第二轮复核
-     *
-     * 跳过条件（避免无意义重跑得到相同结果）：
-     * - check_id 不合法 / 一次置信度高于阈值
-     * - refer 行不存在
-     * - refer_doi 为空或 Crossref 未返回摘要
+     * 对已完成且低分的记录尝试同步 Crossref 二轮（供 enqueueSecondPassByArticle 等手工入口）
      */
-    public function maybeEnqueueSecondPass($checkId, $confidence)
+    public function runSecondPassIfNeeded($checkId, $confidence)
     {
         $checkId = intval($checkId);
         $confidence = floatval($confidence);
-        if ($checkId <= 0 || $confidence > 0.65) {
+        if ($checkId <= 0 || $confidence > self::PASS_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -2658,9 +2726,13 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
             return false;
         }
 
-        $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
-        $this->pushJob2($checkId, 5);
-        return true;
+        $contentA = $this->resolveMainContentForJob($row);
+        $referText = trim((string)$this->arrGet($row, 'refer_text', ''));
+        if ($referText === '' && is_array($refer)) {
+            $referText = $this->formatReferForLlm($refer);
+        }
+
+        return $this->runSecondPassBlocking($checkId, $row, $contentA, $refer, $referText);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -3047,72 +3119,93 @@ class ReferenceCheckService
     }
 
     /**
-     * 已入库记录按文献编号正序入队（同号按 am_id、正文位置稳定排序）
+     * 批量记录已入库后创建文章批次并投递 RabbitMQ
      *
-     * @param array $rows 元素含 check_id、reference_no，可选 am_id、text_start
+     * @param array  $rows 元素含 check_id
+     * @param int    $pArticleId
+     * @param string $trigger enqueue|recheck_failed|manual
+     * @return int[] check_id 列表
      */
-    private function pushJobsSortedByReferenceNo(array $rows)
+    private function enqueueChecksSortedByReferenceNo(array $rows, $pArticleId = 0, $trigger = 'enqueue')
     {
-        if (empty($rows)) {
+        $checkIds = [];
+        foreach ($rows as $row) {
+            $checkId = intval($row['check_id']);
+            if ($checkId > 0) {
+                $checkIds[] = $checkId;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!empty($checkIds)) {
+            $this->startArticleCheckQueue($checkIds, intval($pArticleId), $trigger);
+        }
+        return $checkIds;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 创建文章批次；队首批次立即发 MQ，其余批次等待前序完成
+     *
+     * @param int[]  $checkIds
+     * @param int    $pArticleId
+     * @param string $trigger
+     * @return int[]
+     */
+    public function startArticleCheckQueue(array $checkIds, $pArticleId = 0, $trigger = 'enqueue')
+    {
+        $checkIds = array_values(array_filter(array_map('intval', $checkIds)));
+        if (empty($checkIds)) {
             return [];
         }
 
-        usort($rows, function ($a, $b) {
-            if ($a['reference_no'] !== $b['reference_no']) {
-                return $a['reference_no'] - $b['reference_no'];
-            }
-            $amA = isset($a['am_id']) ? intval($a['am_id']) : 0;
-            $amB = isset($b['am_id']) ? intval($b['am_id']) : 0;
-            if ($amA !== $amB) {
-                return $amA - $amB;
-            }
-            $posA = isset($a['text_start']) ? intval($a['text_start']) : 0;
-            $posB = isset($b['text_start']) ? intval($b['text_start']) : 0;
-            return $posA - $posB;
-        });
+        $pArticleId = intval($pArticleId);
+        if ($pArticleId <= 0) {
+            $firstRow = Db::name('article_reference_check_result')->where('id', $checkIds[0])->find();
+            $pArticleId = empty($firstRow) ? 0 : intval($this->arrGet($firstRow, 'p_article_id', 0));
+        }
+        if ($pArticleId <= 0) {
+            throw new \RuntimeException('p_article_id is required for reference check queue');
+        }
 
-        $checkIds = [];
-        $delay = 0;
-        foreach ($rows as $row) {
-            $checkId = intval($row['check_id']);
-            $checkIds[] = $checkId;
-            $this->pushJob($checkId, $delay);
-            $delay++;
+        $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+        $batchId = Db::name('article_reference_check_batch')->insertGetId([
+            'p_article_id' => $pArticleId,
+            'batch_status' => 0,
+            'total_count'  => count($checkIds),
+            'done_count'   => 0,
+            'failed_count' => 0,
+            'trigger'      => (string)$trigger,
+            'created_at'   => $now,
+            'updated_at'   => $now,
+        ]);
+
+        $shouldPublish = !$this->hasEarlierWaitingBatch($batchId) && !$this->hasRunningReferenceCheckBatch();
+        if ($shouldPublish) {
+            (new ReferenceCheckMqPublisher())->publishArticleStart($pArticleId, intval($batchId), $trigger);
+            $this->log('startArticleCheckQueue publish p_article_id=' . $pArticleId . ' batch_id=' . $batchId);
+        } else {
+            $this->log('startArticleCheckQueue queued batch_id=' . $batchId . ' p_article_id=' . $pArticleId);
         }
 
         return $checkIds;
     }
 
-    private function pushJob($checkId, $delaySeconds = 0)
+    private function hasRunningReferenceCheckBatch()
     {
-        $checkId = intval($checkId);
-        $this->clearReferenceCheckQueueLock($checkId);
-        $jobClass = 'app\api\job\ReferenceCheck@fire';
-        $data     = ['check_id' => $checkId];
-        try {
-            if ($delaySeconds > 0) {
-                $jobId = Queue::later($delaySeconds, $jobClass, $data, self::QUEUE_NAME);
-            } else {
-                $jobId = Queue::push($jobClass, $data, self::QUEUE_NAME);
-            }
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            \think\Log::error('ReferenceCheck pushJob failed check_id=' . $checkId . ' ' . $e->getMessage());
-            throw $e;
-        }
+        return Db::name('article_reference_check_batch')
+            ->where('batch_status', 1)
+            ->count() > 0;
     }
-    private function pushJob2($checkId, $delaySeconds = 0)
+
+    private function hasEarlierWaitingBatch($batchId)
     {
-        $jobClass = 'app\api\job\ReferenceCheckTwo@fire';
-        $data     = ['check_id' => $checkId];
-        try {
-            if ($delaySeconds > 0) {
-                $jobId = Queue::later($delaySeconds, $jobClass, $data, self::QUEUE_NAME);
-            } else {
-                $jobId = Queue::push($jobClass, $data, self::QUEUE_NAME);
-            }
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            \think\Log::error('ReferenceCheckTwo pushJob failed check_id=' . $checkId . ' ' . $e->getMessage());
-            throw $e;
-        }
+        return Db::name('article_reference_check_batch')
+            ->where('batch_status', 0)
+            ->where('id', '<', intval($batchId))
+            ->count() > 0;
+    }
+
+    public function log($msg)
+    {
+        $line = date('Y-m-d H:i:s') . ' ' . $msg . PHP_EOL;
+        @file_put_contents($this->logFile, $line, FILE_APPEND);
     }
 }
diff --git a/application/common/service/LLMService.php b/application/common/service/LLMService.php
index 69f5e61c..fdd1fb42 100644
--- a/application/common/service/LLMService.php
+++ b/application/common/service/LLMService.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class LLMService
     public function checkReference($contextText, $referText, $isAgain = false, $doiBlock = null)
     {
         // request_failed=true 表示"LLM 通讯/解析层面的失败"（可重试，区别于业务上的"未命中"）；
-        // 上游 runReferenceCheckOnce 会据此把 DB.status 置为 2(失败) 并抛异常触发队列重试
+        // 上游 runReferenceCheckOnce 会据此把 DB.status 置为 3(失败) 并抛异常触发 MQ worker 重试
         $fallback = [
             'can_support'    => false,
             'is_match'       => false,