参考文献格式
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wangjinlei
263
application/common/ReferenceMetadataService.php
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263
application/common/ReferenceMetadataService.php
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<?php
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namespace app\common;
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use think\Env;
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/**
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* 参考文献元数据聚合：PubMed 优先，Crossref 补全。
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*
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* 医学期刊的著录信息以 PubMed（NLM 人工校订）更贴合期次著录：
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* - 年份：PubMed 取期次年；Crossref 的 issued 是线上/线下较早者，在线优先出版会偏早一年
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* - 期刊名：PubMed 的 ISOAbbreviation / MedlineTA 就是排版要的规范缩写
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* - 卷期页：PubMed 覆盖完整；Crossref 在 ahead-of-print 阶段常缺失
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*
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* Crossref 负责非 MEDLINE 收录文献的兜底，并提供 ORCID 作者明细与撤稿关系。
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*/
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class ReferenceMetadataService
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{
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/** @var PubmedService */
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private $pubmed;
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/** @var CrossrefService */
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private $crossref;
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/** @var ReferenceTypeClassifier */
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private $classifier;
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public function __construct()
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{
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$this->pubmed = new PubmedService();
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$this->crossref = new CrossrefService([
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'mailto' => trim((string)Env::get('crossref_mailto', '')),
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]);
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$this->classifier = new ReferenceTypeClassifier(['use_llm' => false]);
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}
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/**
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* 按 DOI 聚合元数据
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*
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* @return array|null 两个源都查不到时返回 null
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*/
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public function fetchByDoi($doi)
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{
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$doi = $this->normalizeDoi($doi);
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if ($doi === '') {
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return null;
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}
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$pub = null;
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try {
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$pub = $this->pubmed->fetchByDoi($doi);
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} catch (\Throwable $e) {
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$pub = null;
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}
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if (!is_array($pub)) {
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$pub = null;
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}
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$cr = $this->crossref->fetchWorkSummary($doi);
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if (!is_array($cr)) {
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$cr = null;
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}
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if ($pub === null && $cr === null) {
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return null;
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}
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$sources = [];
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if ($pub !== null) $sources[] = 'pubmed';
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if ($cr !== null) $sources[] = 'crossref';
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$title = $this->pickTitle($pub, $cr);
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$joura = $this->pickJournal($pub, $cr);
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$author = $this->pickAuthor($pub, $cr);
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$dateno = $this->pickDateno($pub, $cr);
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$doilink = trim((string)($cr['doilink'] ?? ''));
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if ($doilink === '') {
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$doilink = 'https://doi.org/' . $doi;
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}
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$crossrefType = trim((string)($cr['raw']['type'] ?? ''));
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$type = $this->pickType($pub, $crossrefType);
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$retract = $this->pickRetraction($pub, $cr);
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return [
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'doi' => $doi,
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'pmid' => trim((string)($pub['pmid'] ?? '')),
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'title' => $title,
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'author' => $author,
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'joura' => $joura,
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'dateno' => $dateno,
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'doilink' => $doilink,
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'type' => $type,
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'crossref_type' => $crossrefType,
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'is_retracted' => $retract['is_retracted'],
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'retract_reason' => $retract['reason'],
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'has_cjk' => $this->crossref->hasCjk($title)
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|| $this->crossref->hasCjk($joura)
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|| $this->crossref->hasCjk($author),
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'sources' => $sources,
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'crossref_summary' => $cr,
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'pubmed' => $pub,
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];
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}
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/**
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* 标题：PubMed 优先。非英文原文在 PubMed 里是括号包裹的英译标题，去掉括号更贴合排版。
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*/
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private function pickTitle($pub, $cr)
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{
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$title = trim((string)($pub['title'] ?? ''));
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if ($title !== '') {
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$title = rtrim($title, '.');
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if (preg_match('/^\[(.+)\]$/s', $title, $m)) {
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$title = trim($m[1]);
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}
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return $title;
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}
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return trim((string)($cr['title'] ?? ''));
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}
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/**
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* 期刊名：PubMed 的规范缩写优先，其次 Crossref
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*/
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private function pickJournal($pub, $cr)
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{
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$abbr = trim((string)($pub['journal_iso_abbr'] ?? ''));
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if ($abbr === '') {
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$abbr = trim((string)($pub['journal_medline_ta'] ?? ''));
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}
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if ($abbr !== '') {
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return $abbr;
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}
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return trim((string)($cr['joura'] ?? ''));
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}
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private function pickAuthor($pub, $cr)
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{
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$authors = isset($pub['authors']) && is_array($pub['authors']) ? $pub['authors'] : [];
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if (!empty($authors)) {
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$citation = $this->pubmed->authorsCitation($authors, 3);
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if ($citation !== '') {
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return $citation;
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}
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}
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return $this->crossref->getAuthorsCitation($cr['raw'] ?? [], 3);
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}
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/**
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* 卷期页：PubMed 有卷或页时以 PubMed 为准，否则用 Crossref
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*
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* 格式与 citation.doi.org 路径一致：Year;Volume(Issue):Pages
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*/
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private function pickDateno($pub, $cr)
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{
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$volume = trim((string)($pub['volume'] ?? ''));
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$pages = $this->expandPageRange((string)($pub['pages'] ?? ''));
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if ($volume === '' && $pages === '') {
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return trim((string)($cr['dateno'] ?? ''));
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}
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if ($volume !== '') {
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$issue = trim((string)($pub['issue'] ?? ''));
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$volume .= $issue !== '' ? "({$issue})" : '';
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}
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$tail = $volume;
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if ($pages !== '') {
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$tail = $tail !== '' ? $tail . ':' . $pages : $pages;
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}
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$year = trim((string)($pub['year'] ?? ''));
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if ($year === '' || $tail === '') {
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return $year !== '' ? $year : $tail;
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}
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return $year . ';' . $tail;
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}
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/**
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* 展开 NLM 缩写式尾页：210-8 表示 210-218
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*/
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private function expandPageRange($pages)
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{
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$pages = trim((string)$pages);
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if ($pages === '' || strpos($pages, '-') === false) {
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return $pages;
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}
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$parts = explode('-', $pages, 2);
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$start = trim($parts[0]);
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$end = trim($parts[1]);
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if ($start === '' || $end === '') {
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return $pages;
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}
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if (ctype_digit($start) && ctype_digit($end) && strlen($end) < strlen($start)) {
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$end = substr($start, 0, strlen($start) - strlen($end)) . $end;
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}
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return $start . '-' . $end;
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}
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/**
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* 类型：Crossref 的 type 最权威，PubMed 的 publication_types 兜底
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*/
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private function pickType($pub, $crossrefType)
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{
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$mapped = $this->classifier->mapCrossrefType($crossrefType);
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if ($mapped !== '') {
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return $mapped;
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}
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$types = isset($pub['publication_types']) && is_array($pub['publication_types'])
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? $pub['publication_types'] : [];
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foreach ($types as $t) {
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$t = strtolower(trim((string)$t));
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if ($t === '') {
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continue;
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}
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if (strpos($t, 'congress') !== false) {
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return ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_CONFERENCE;
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}
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if (strpos($t, 'journal article') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'review') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'clinical trial') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'meta-analysis') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'case reports') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'observational study') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'comparative study') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'multicenter study') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'editorial') !== false
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|| strpos($t, 'letter') !== false) {
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return ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_JOURNAL;
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}
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}
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return '';
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}
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private function pickRetraction($pub, $cr)
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{
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$types = isset($pub['publication_types']) && is_array($pub['publication_types'])
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? $pub['publication_types'] : [];
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foreach ($types as $t) {
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if (stripos((string)$t, 'retract') !== false) {
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return ['is_retracted' => 1, 'reason' => 'PubMed 标记：' . trim((string)$t)];
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}
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}
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return [
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'is_retracted' => !empty($cr['is_retracted']) ? 1 : 0,
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'reason' => (string)($cr['retract_reason'] ?? ''),
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];
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}
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public function normalizeDoi($doi)
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{
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$doi = preg_replace('#^https?://(dx\.)?doi\.org/#i', '', trim((string)$doi));
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return trim($doi, " \t\n\r\0\x0B/");
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}
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}
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