参考文献模型校对换阿里云百炼，完善各种校对细节

2026-08-06 10:19:57 +08:00
parent bffac7755d 5d40b8358c
commit 16961465ac
7 changed files with 530 additions and 90 deletions
--- a/application/api/controller/Production.php
+++ b/application/api/controller/Production.php
@@ -2824,7 +2824,8 @@ class Production extends Base
        ];

        // 匹配模式：year;volume(number):pages
-        $pattern = '/(\d{4})\s*;\s*(\d+)(?:\(([^)]+)\))?(?:\s*:\s*([a-zA-Z0-9\u2013\u2014\-]+(?:\s*[\u2013\u2014\-]\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+)?))?/';
+        // PCRE 不认 \uXXXX（会当成字面量 u），页码连接符须写成 \x{2013} 并加 u 修饰符
+        $pattern = '/(\d{4})\s*;\s*(\d+)(?:\(([^)]+)\))?(?:\s*:\s*([a-zA-Z0-9]+(?:\s*[\x{2013}\x{2014}\x{2212}-]\s*[a-zA-Z0-9]+)?))?/u';


        if (preg_match($pattern, $referenceText, $matches)) {
@@ -2863,7 +2864,7 @@ class Production extends Base
        }

        // 提取卷号和期号（格式如 54(4) 或 54 (4)）
-        if (preg_match('/(\d+)\s*\(?(\d*)\)?\s*:?\s*([a-zA-Z0-9\-]*)/', $referenceText, $volMatches)) {
+        if (preg_match('/(\d+)\s*\(?(\d*)\)?\s*:?\s*([a-zA-Z0-9\x{2013}\x{2014}\x{2212}-]*)/u', $referenceText, $volMatches)) {
            if (isset($volMatches[1])) {
                $result['volume'] = $volMatches[1];
            }
--- a/application/common/CrossrefService.php
+++ b/application/common/CrossrefService.php
@@ -470,39 +470,52 @@ class CrossrefService
     */
    public function getPublishYear($aDoiInfo = [])
    {
-        if (!empty($aDoiInfo['issued']['date-parts'][0][0])) {
-            return (string)$aDoiInfo['issued']['date-parts'][0][0];
+        // 著录用的是期次年。issued 取线上/线下较早者，在线优先出版的文献会偏早一年，
+        // 因此先看 published-print，再回退 issued。
+        $candidates = [
+            $aDoiInfo['published-print']['date-parts'][0][0] ?? null,
+            $aDoiInfo['journal-issue']['published-print']['date-parts'][0][0] ?? null,
+            $aDoiInfo['issued']['date-parts'][0][0] ?? null,
+            $aDoiInfo['published']['date-parts'][0][0] ?? null,
+            $aDoiInfo['published-online']['date-parts'][0][0] ?? null,
+        ];
+
+        foreach ($candidates as $year) {
+            if (!empty($year)) {
+                return (string)$year;
+            }
        }
        return '';
    }

    /**
-     * 提取卷(期):起始页-终止页（格式：2024:10(2):100-120）
+     * 著录用的年卷期页，格式 Year;Volume(Issue):Pages（如 2024;10(2):100-120）
     */
    public function getVolumeIssuePages($aDoiInfo = [])
    {
-        $parts = [];
-
        $year = $this->getPublishYear($aDoiInfo);
-        if ($year) $parts[] = $year;

-        $volume = $aDoiInfo['volume'] ?? '';
-        $issue  = $aDoiInfo['issue'] ?? '';
-        if ($volume) {
-            $parts[] = $volume . ($issue ? "({$issue})" : '');
+        $volume = trim((string)($aDoiInfo['volume'] ?? ''));
+        $issue  = trim((string)($aDoiInfo['issue'] ?? ($aDoiInfo['journal-issue']['issue'] ?? '')));
+        if ($volume !== '') {
+            $volume .= $issue !== '' ? "({$issue})" : '';
        }

-        $pageStart = $aDoiInfo['page']['start'] ?? ($aDoiInfo['first-page'] ?? '');
-        $pageEnd   = $aDoiInfo['page']['end'] ?? ($aDoiInfo['last-page'] ?? '');
-        $pages = '';
-        if ($pageStart) {
-            $pages = $pageStart . ($pageEnd ? "-{$pageEnd}" : '');
-        } else {
-            $pages = $aDoiInfo['page'] ?? '';
+        // page 是 "100-120" 这样的字符串；BMC/PLOS 等电子刊无连续页码，改用文章号
+        $pages = trim((string)($aDoiInfo['page'] ?? ''));
+        if ($pages === '') {
+            $pages = trim((string)($aDoiInfo['article-number'] ?? ''));
        }
-        if ($pages) $parts[] = $pages;

-        return implode(':', $parts);
+        $tail = $volume;
+        if ($pages !== '') {
+            $tail = $tail !== '' ? $tail . ':' . $pages : $pages;
+        }
+
+        if ($year === '' || $tail === '') {
+            return $year !== '' ? $year : $tail;
+        }
+        return $year . ';' . $tail;
    }

    /**
--- a/application/common/ProductionArticleRefer.php
+++ b/application/common/ProductionArticleRefer.php
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 namespace app\common;
 use think\Db;
-use think\Env;
-use app\common\CrossrefService;
 class ProductionArticleRefer
 {

@@ -87,60 +85,56 @@ class ProductionArticleRefer
        }


-        //开始用crossref接口的方式处理数据
-        $doiNorm = preg_replace('#^https?://(dx\.)?doi\.org/#i', '', $aRefer['refer_doi']);
-        $doiNorm = trim($doiNorm, " \t\n\r\0\x0B/");
+        //开始用 PubMed(优先)+Crossref(补全) 的方式处理数据
+        $oMeta = new ReferenceMetadataService();
+        $doiNorm = $oMeta->normalizeDoi($aRefer['refer_doi']);

-        $svc = new CrossrefService([
-            'mailto' => trim((string)Env::get('crossref_mailto', '')),
-        ]);
-        $summary = $svc->fetchWorkSummary($doiNorm);
-        if ($summary !== null && !empty($summary['doi'])) {
-            $title = trim((string)($summary['title'] ?? ''));
-            $jouraRaw = trim((string)($summary['joura'] ?? ''));
-            // 姓全写 + 名首字母，超过 3 个作者取前 3 个 + et al
-            $authorCitation = $svc->getAuthorsCitation($summary['raw'] ?? [], 3);
+        // 元数据仍是中文时放弃本路径，改走下方 citation.doi.org(lang=en-US) 取英文著录
+        $meta = $oMeta->fetchByDoi($doiNorm);
+        if ($meta !== null && !$meta['has_cjk'] && trim((string)$meta['title']) !== '') {
+            $title = trim((string)$meta['title']);
+            $authorCitation = trim((string)$meta['author']);

-            // 英文优先兜底：若 CrossRef 结果的标题/期刊/作者仍含中日韩字符，
-            // 说明该 DOI 元数据是中文，放弃 CrossRef 路径，改走下方 citation.doi.org(lang=en-US)
-            $hasCjk = $svc->hasCjk($title) || $svc->hasCjk($jouraRaw) || $svc->hasCjk($authorCitation);
-            if (!$hasCjk) {
-                $update_a = [];
-                $dateno = trim((string)($summary['dateno'] ?? ''));
-                $doilink = trim((string)($summary['doilink'] ?? ''));
-                $update_a['title'] = $title;
-                $update_a['author'] = $authorCitation !== '' ? $authorCitation . '.' : '';
-                $update_a['joura'] = $jouraRaw;
-                $update_a['dateno'] = $dateno;
-                // CrossRef 的 type 最权威，据此确定参考文献类型，未命中回退 journal
-                $crossrefType = isset($summary['raw']['type']) ? $summary['raw']['type'] : '';
-                $mappedType = (new ReferenceTypeClassifier())->mapCrossrefType($crossrefType);
-                $update_a['refer_type'] = $mappedType !== '' ? $mappedType : "journal";
-                $update_a['is_ja'] = 1;
-                $update_a['doilink'] = $doilink;
-                $update_a['cs'] = 1;
-                $update_a['update_time'] = time();
-                $update_a['is_deal'] = 1;
+            $update_a = [];
+            $update_a['title'] = $title;
+            $update_a['author'] = $authorCitation !== '' ? $authorCitation . '.' : '';
+            $update_a['joura'] = trim((string)$meta['joura']);
+            $update_a['dateno'] = trim((string)$meta['dateno']);
+            $update_a['refer_type'] = $meta['type'] !== '' ? $meta['type'] : "journal";
+            $update_a['is_ja'] = 1;
+            $update_a['doilink'] = trim((string)$meta['doilink']);
+            $update_a['cs'] = 1;
+            $update_a['update_time'] = time();
+            $update_a['is_deal'] = 1;

-                try {
-                    (new ReferenceReferAuthorService())->syncFromWorkSummary(
+            try {
+                $oReferAuthor = new ReferenceReferAuthorService();
+                if (is_array($meta['crossref_summary'])) {
+                    // Crossref 带 ORCID，作者明细优先用它
+                    $oReferAuthor->syncFromWorkSummary(
                        $iPReferId,
                        $iPArticleId,
                        $doiNorm,
-                        $summary
+                        $meta['crossref_summary']
                    );
-                } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-                    \think\Log::error(
-                        'ProductionArticleRefer sync refer authors failed p_refer_id='
-                        . $iPReferId . ' ' . $e->getMessage()
+                } else {
+                    $oReferAuthor->syncFromReferAuthorField(
+                        $iPReferId,
+                        $iPArticleId,
+                        $authorCitation
                    );
                }
-                Db::name('production_article_refer')->where(['p_refer_id' => $iPReferId])->limit(1)->update($update_a);
-                return json_encode(['status' => 1,'msg' => 'Update successful']);
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                \think\Log::error(
+                    'ProductionArticleRefer sync refer authors failed p_refer_id='
+                    . $iPReferId . ' ' . $e->getMessage()
+                );
            }
+            Db::name('production_article_refer')->where(['p_refer_id' => $iPReferId])->limit(1)->update($update_a);
+            return json_encode(['status' => 1,'msg' => 'Update successful']);
        }

-        //结束---用crossref接口的方式处理数据
+        //结束---用 PubMed+Crossref 的方式处理数据



--- a/application/common/PubmedService.php
+++ b/application/common/PubmedService.php
@@ -18,13 +18,43 @@ class PubmedService
    private $timeout = 20;
    private $tool = 'tmrjournals';
    private $email = '';
+    // NCBI 限流：无 key 时 3 次/秒，配 key 后 10 次/秒。多 worker 并行处理参考文献时必须配。
+    private $apiKey = '';
+    private $maxRetry = 3;

    public function __construct(array $config = [])
    {
+        $this->email = (string)$this->envGet('pubmed_email', '');
+        $this->apiKey = (string)$this->envGet('pubmed_api_key', '');
+        $tool = trim((string)$this->envGet('pubmed_tool', ''));
+        if ($tool !== '') $this->tool = $tool;
+
        if (isset($config['base'])) $this->base = rtrim((string)$config['base'], '/') . '/';
        if (isset($config['timeout'])) $this->timeout = max(5, intval($config['timeout']));
-        if (isset($config['tool'])) $this->tool = (string)$config['tool'];
-        if (isset($config['email'])) $this->email = (string)$config['email'];
+        if (!empty($config['tool'])) $this->tool = (string)$config['tool'];
+        if (!empty($config['email'])) $this->email = (string)$config['email'];
+        if (!empty($config['api_key'])) $this->apiKey = (string)$config['api_key'];
+        if (isset($config['max_retry'])) $this->maxRetry = max(1, intval($config['max_retry']));
+    }
+
+    private function envGet($key, $default = '')
+    {
+        if (!class_exists('\think\Env')) {
+            return $default;
+        }
+        return \think\Env::get($key, $default);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * tool/email/api_key 是 NCBI 要求的调用方标识，缺失会被更严格限流
+     */
+    private function commonParams(): array
+    {
+        $params = ['tool' => $this->tool, 'email' => $this->email];
+        if ($this->apiKey !== '') {
+            $params['api_key'] = $this->apiKey;
+        }
+        return $params;
    }

    /**
@@ -60,18 +90,18 @@ class PubmedService
        $pmid = trim($pmid);
        if ($pmid === '') return null;

-        // v3：解析结果新增 language / journal_country / affiliations，换 key 避免命中旧缓存
+        // v3：解析结果新增 authors / volume / issue / pages / doilanguage / journal_country / affiliations换 key 避免命中旧缓存
        $cacheKey = 'pmid_v3_' . $pmid;
        $cached = $this->cacheGet($cacheKey, 30 * 86400);
        if (is_array($cached)) return $cached;

-        $url = $this->base . 'efetch.fcgi?' . http_build_query([
+        $url = $this->base . 'efetch.fcgi?' . http_build_query(array_merge([
            'db' => 'pubmed',
            'id' => $pmid,
            'retmode' => 'xml',
            'tool' => $this->tool,
            'email' => $this->email,
-        ]);
+        ], $this->commonParams()));

        $xml = $this->httpGet($url);
        if (!is_string($xml) || trim($xml) === '') return null;
@@ -283,6 +313,11 @@ class PubmedService
            return null;
        }

+        $doi = $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//ArticleIdList/ArticleId[@IdType="doi"]');
+        if ($doi === '') {
+            $doi = $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//ELocationID[@EIdType="doi"]');
+        }
+
        return [
            'title' => $title,
            'abstract' => $abstract,
@@ -296,9 +331,133 @@ class PubmedService
            'languages' => $languages,
            'journal_country' => $journalCountry,
            'affiliations' => $affiliations,
+            'authors' => $this->parseAuthors($xp),
+            'volume' => $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//JournalIssue//Volume'),
+            'issue' => $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//JournalIssue//Issue'),
+            'pages' => $this->parsePagination($xp),
+            'doi' => $doi,
        ];
    }

+    /**
+     * 作者列表：LastName/ForeName/Initials，机构作者用 CollectiveName
+     */
+    private function parseAuthors(\DOMXPath $xp): array
+    {
+        $out = [];
+        $nodes = $xp->query('//PubmedArticle//AuthorList/Author');
+        if (!$nodes) {
+            return $out;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($nodes as $n) {
+            $family = $given = $initials = $collective = '';
+            foreach ($n->childNodes as $c) {
+                switch ($c->nodeName) {
+                    case 'LastName':
+                        $family = trim($c->textContent);
+                        break;
+                    case 'ForeName':
+                        $given = trim($c->textContent);
+                        break;
+                    case 'Initials':
+                        $initials = trim($c->textContent);
+                        break;
+                    case 'CollectiveName':
+                        $collective = trim($c->textContent);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($family === '' && $given === '' && $collective === '') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            $out[] = [
+                'family' => $family,
+                'given' => $given,
+                'initials' => $initials,
+                'collective' => $collective,
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $out;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 页码：StartPage/EndPage → MedlinePgn → 电子刊文章号（ELocationID pii）
+     *
+     * MedlinePgn 用 NLM 缩写式尾页（210-8 表示 210–218），展开逻辑由调用方处理。
+     */
+    private function parsePagination(\DOMXPath $xp): string
+    {
+        $start = $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//Pagination//StartPage');
+        if ($start !== '') {
+            $end = $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//Pagination//EndPage');
+            return $end !== '' ? $start . '-' . $end : $start;
+        }
+
+        $medlinePgn = $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//Pagination//MedlinePgn');
+        if ($medlinePgn !== '') {
+            return $medlinePgn;
+        }
+
+        // 无连续页码的电子刊（PLOS 等）以文章号著录；pii 也可能是出版社流水号，故只认 e12345/12345
+        $pii = $this->xpText($xp, '//PubmedArticle//ELocationID[@EIdType="pii"]');
+        return preg_match('/^e?\d+$/i', $pii) === 1 ? $pii : '';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 引用格式作者串：姓全写 + 名首字母，超过 $maxAuthors 个取前 N 个 + et al
+     * 例：Smith JA, Jones B, Lee C, et al
+     */
+    public function authorsCitation(array $authors, int $maxAuthors = 3): string
+    {
+        $list = [];
+        foreach ($authors as $a) {
+            $collective = trim((string)($a['collective'] ?? ''));
+            if ($collective !== '') {
+                $list[] = $collective;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $family = trim((string)($a['family'] ?? ''));
+            if ($family === '') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            $initials = trim((string)($a['initials'] ?? ''));
+            if ($initials === '') {
+                $initials = $this->givenToInitials((string)($a['given'] ?? ''));
+            }
+            $list[] = $initials !== '' ? $family . ' ' . $initials : $family;
+        }
+
+        if (empty($list)) {
+            return '';
+        }
+
+        $maxAuthors = max(1, $maxAuthors);
+        if (count($list) > $maxAuthors) {
+            return implode(', ', array_slice($list, 0, $maxAuthors)) . ', et al';
+        }
+        return implode(', ', $list);
+    }
+
+    private function givenToInitials($given): string
+    {
+        $given = trim((string)$given);
+        if ($given === '') {
+            return '';
+        }
+        $parts = preg_split('/[\s\-\.]+/u', $given, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
+        $initials = '';
+        foreach ($parts as $p) {
+            $first = mb_substr($p, 0, 1);
+            if ($first !== '') {
+                $initials .= mb_strtoupper($first);
+            }
+        }
+        return $initials;
+    }
+
    private function xpText(\DOMXPath $xp, string $query): string
    {
        $n = $xp->query($query);
--- a/application/common/ReferenceDispatchService.php
+++ b/application/common/ReferenceDispatchService.php
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 namespace app\common;

 use think\Db;
-use think\Env;
 use think\Queue;

 /**
@@ -19,9 +18,13 @@ class ReferenceDispatchService
    /** @var ReferenceTypeClassifier */
    private $classifier;

+    /** @var ReferenceMetadataService */
+    private $metadata;
+
    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->classifier = new ReferenceTypeClassifier(['use_llm' => true]);
+        $this->metadata = new ReferenceMetadataService();
    }

    /**
@@ -72,23 +75,23 @@ class ReferenceDispatchService
            return;
        }

-        $crossref = new CrossrefService([
-            'mailto' => trim((string)Env::get('crossref_mailto', '')),
-        ]);
-
-        $summary = null;
-        $crossrefType = '';
+        $meta = null;
+        $typeHint = '';
        if (trim((string)$refer['refer_doi']) !== '') {
            $doiNorm = $this->normalizeDoi($refer['refer_doi']);
            if ($doiNorm !== '') {
-                $summary = $crossref->fetchWorkSummary($doiNorm);
-                if ($summary && !empty($summary['raw']['type'])) {
-                    $crossrefType = (string)$summary['raw']['type'];
+                $meta = $this->metadata->fetchByDoi($doiNorm);
+                if (is_array($meta)) {
+                    $typeHint = trim((string)$meta['crossref_type']);
+                    // Crossref 无 type 但 PubMed 收录时，给分类器一个等价的 Crossref type
+                    if ($typeHint === '' && $meta['type'] === ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_JOURNAL) {
+                        $typeHint = 'journal-article';
+                    }
                }
            }
        }

-        $typeInfo = $this->classifier->classify((string)$refer['refer_content'], $crossrefType);
+        $typeInfo = $this->classifier->classify((string)$refer['refer_content'], $typeHint);
        $dispatchType = $this->classifier->normalizeDispatchType($typeInfo['type']);

        Db::name('production_article_refer')->where('p_refer_id', $refer['p_refer_id'])->update([
@@ -99,7 +102,7 @@ class ReferenceDispatchService

        switch ($dispatchType) {
            case ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_BOOK:
-                $this->processBookRefer($refer, $summary, $crossref);
+                $this->processBookRefer($refer, $meta);
                break;
            case ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_OTHER:
                $this->processOtherRefer($refer);
@@ -161,7 +164,7 @@ class ReferenceDispatchService
    /**
     * book：结构化字段，DOI 仅用于补数据
     */
-    private function processBookRefer(array $refer, $summary, CrossrefService $crossref)
+    private function processBookRefer(array $refer, $meta)
    {
        $pReferId = intval($refer['p_refer_id']);
        $content = (string)$refer['refer_content'];
@@ -171,14 +174,18 @@ class ReferenceDispatchService
            'update_time' => time(),
        ];

-        if (is_array($summary) && !empty($summary['raw'])) {
-            $raw = $summary['raw'];
-            $authorCitation = $crossref->getAuthorsCitation($raw, 3);
+        $summary = is_array($meta) ? $meta['crossref_summary'] : null;
+        $raw = is_array($summary) ? ($summary['raw'] ?? []) : [];
+        $hasMeta = is_array($meta)
+            && (trim((string)$meta['title']) !== '' || trim((string)$meta['author']) !== '');
+
+        if ($hasMeta) {
+            $authorCitation = trim((string)$meta['author']);
            $update['author'] = $authorCitation !== '' ? rtrim($authorCitation, '.') . '.' : '';
-            $update['title'] = trim((string)($summary['title'] ?? ''));
-            $update['joura'] = $this->extractBookPublisher($raw, $summary);
-            $update['dateno'] = $this->extractBookDateno($raw);
-            $isbn = $this->extractIsbnFromRaw($raw);
+            $update['title'] = trim((string)$meta['title']);
+            $update['joura'] = !empty($raw) ? $this->extractBookPublisher($raw, $summary) : '';
+            $update['dateno'] = !empty($raw) ? $this->extractBookDateno($raw) : '';
+            $isbn = !empty($raw) ? $this->extractIsbnFromRaw($raw) : '';
            if ($isbn === '' && !empty($refer['refer_doi'])) {
                $doi = $this->normalizeDoi($refer['refer_doi']);
                $isbn = $doi !== '' ? 'https://doi.org/' . $doi : '';
--- a/application/common/ReferenceMetadataService.php
+++ b/application/common/ReferenceMetadataService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace app\common;
+
+use think\Env;
+
+/**
+ * 参考文献元数据聚合：PubMed 优先，Crossref 补全。
+ *
+ * 医学期刊的著录信息以 PubMed（NLM 人工校订）更贴合期次著录：
+ * - 年份：PubMed 取期次年；Crossref 的 issued 是线上/线下较早者，在线优先出版会偏早一年
+ * - 期刊名：PubMed 的 ISOAbbreviation / MedlineTA 就是排版要的规范缩写
+ * - 卷期页：PubMed 覆盖完整；Crossref 在 ahead-of-print 阶段常缺失
+ *
+ * Crossref 负责非 MEDLINE 收录文献的兜底，并提供 ORCID 作者明细与撤稿关系。
+ */
+class ReferenceMetadataService
+{
+    /** @var PubmedService */
+    private $pubmed;
+
+    /** @var CrossrefService */
+    private $crossref;
+
+    /** @var ReferenceTypeClassifier */
+    private $classifier;
+
+    public function __construct()
+    {
+        $this->pubmed = new PubmedService();
+        $this->crossref = new CrossrefService([
+            'mailto' => trim((string)Env::get('crossref_mailto', '')),
+        ]);
+        $this->classifier = new ReferenceTypeClassifier(['use_llm' => false]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 按 DOI 聚合元数据
+     *
+     * @return array|null 两个源都查不到时返回 null
+     */
+    public function fetchByDoi($doi)
+    {
+        $doi = $this->normalizeDoi($doi);
+        if ($doi === '') {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $pub = null;
+        try {
+            $pub = $this->pubmed->fetchByDoi($doi);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            $pub = null;
+        }
+        if (!is_array($pub)) {
+            $pub = null;
+        }
+
+        $cr = $this->crossref->fetchWorkSummary($doi);
+        if (!is_array($cr)) {
+            $cr = null;
+        }
+
+        if ($pub === null && $cr === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $sources = [];
+        if ($pub !== null) $sources[] = 'pubmed';
+        if ($cr !== null) $sources[] = 'crossref';
+
+        $title  = $this->pickTitle($pub, $cr);
+        $joura  = $this->pickJournal($pub, $cr);
+        $author = $this->pickAuthor($pub, $cr);
+        $dateno = $this->pickDateno($pub, $cr);
+
+        $doilink = trim((string)($cr['doilink'] ?? ''));
+        if ($doilink === '') {
+            $doilink = 'https://doi.org/' . $doi;
+        }
+
+        $crossrefType = trim((string)($cr['raw']['type'] ?? ''));
+        $type = $this->pickType($pub, $crossrefType);
+
+        $retract = $this->pickRetraction($pub, $cr);
+
+        return [
+            'doi'              => $doi,
+            'pmid'             => trim((string)($pub['pmid'] ?? '')),
+            'title'            => $title,
+            'author'           => $author,
+            'joura'            => $joura,
+            'dateno'           => $dateno,
+            'doilink'          => $doilink,
+            'type'             => $type,
+            'crossref_type'    => $crossrefType,
+            'is_retracted'     => $retract['is_retracted'],
+            'retract_reason'   => $retract['reason'],
+            'has_cjk'          => $this->crossref->hasCjk($title)
+                || $this->crossref->hasCjk($joura)
+                || $this->crossref->hasCjk($author),
+            'sources'          => $sources,
+            'crossref_summary' => $cr,
+            'pubmed'           => $pub,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 标题：PubMed 优先。非英文原文在 PubMed 里是括号包裹的英译标题，去掉括号更贴合排版。
+     */
+    private function pickTitle($pub, $cr)
+    {
+        $title = trim((string)($pub['title'] ?? ''));
+        if ($title !== '') {
+            $title = rtrim($title, '.');
+            if (preg_match('/^\[(.+)\]$/s', $title, $m)) {
+                $title = trim($m[1]);
+            }
+            return $title;
+        }
+        return trim((string)($cr['title'] ?? ''));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 期刊名：PubMed 的规范缩写优先，其次 Crossref
+     */
+    private function pickJournal($pub, $cr)
+    {
+        $abbr = trim((string)($pub['journal_iso_abbr'] ?? ''));
+        if ($abbr === '') {
+            $abbr = trim((string)($pub['journal_medline_ta'] ?? ''));
+        }
+        if ($abbr !== '') {
+            return $abbr;
+        }
+        return trim((string)($cr['joura'] ?? ''));
+    }
+
+    private function pickAuthor($pub, $cr)
+    {
+        $authors = isset($pub['authors']) && is_array($pub['authors']) ? $pub['authors'] : [];
+        if (!empty($authors)) {
+            $citation = $this->pubmed->authorsCitation($authors, 3);
+            if ($citation !== '') {
+                return $citation;
+            }
+        }
+        return $this->crossref->getAuthorsCitation($cr['raw'] ?? [], 3);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 卷期页：PubMed 有卷或页时以 PubMed 为准，否则用 Crossref
+     *
+     * 格式与 citation.doi.org 路径一致：Year;Volume(Issue):Pages
+     */
+    private function pickDateno($pub, $cr)
+    {
+        $volume = trim((string)($pub['volume'] ?? ''));
+        $pages  = $this->expandPageRange((string)($pub['pages'] ?? ''));
+        if ($volume === '' && $pages === '') {
+            return trim((string)($cr['dateno'] ?? ''));
+        }
+
+        if ($volume !== '') {
+            $issue = trim((string)($pub['issue'] ?? ''));
+            $volume .= $issue !== '' ? "({$issue})" : '';
+        }
+
+        $tail = $volume;
+        if ($pages !== '') {
+            $tail = $tail !== '' ? $tail . ':' . $pages : $pages;
+        }
+
+        $year = trim((string)($pub['year'] ?? ''));
+        if ($year === '' || $tail === '') {
+            return $year !== '' ? $year : $tail;
+        }
+        return $year . ';' . $tail;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 展开 NLM 缩写式尾页：210-8 表示 210-218
+     */
+    private function expandPageRange($pages)
+    {
+        $pages = trim((string)$pages);
+        if ($pages === '' || strpos($pages, '-') === false) {
+            return $pages;
+        }
+
+        $parts = explode('-', $pages, 2);
+        $start = trim($parts[0]);
+        $end   = trim($parts[1]);
+        if ($start === '' || $end === '') {
+            return $pages;
+        }
+
+        if (ctype_digit($start) && ctype_digit($end) && strlen($end) < strlen($start)) {
+            $end = substr($start, 0, strlen($start) - strlen($end)) . $end;
+        }
+
+        return $start . '-' . $end;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 类型：Crossref 的 type 最权威，PubMed 的 publication_types 兜底
+     */
+    private function pickType($pub, $crossrefType)
+    {
+        $mapped = $this->classifier->mapCrossrefType($crossrefType);
+        if ($mapped !== '') {
+            return $mapped;
+        }
+
+        $types = isset($pub['publication_types']) && is_array($pub['publication_types'])
+            ? $pub['publication_types'] : [];
+        foreach ($types as $t) {
+            $t = strtolower(trim((string)$t));
+            if ($t === '') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (strpos($t, 'congress') !== false) {
+                return ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_CONFERENCE;
+            }
+            if (strpos($t, 'journal article') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'review') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'clinical trial') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'meta-analysis') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'case reports') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'observational study') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'comparative study') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'multicenter study') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'editorial') !== false
+                || strpos($t, 'letter') !== false) {
+                return ReferenceTypeClassifier::TYPE_JOURNAL;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return '';
+    }
+
+    private function pickRetraction($pub, $cr)
+    {
+        $types = isset($pub['publication_types']) && is_array($pub['publication_types'])
+            ? $pub['publication_types'] : [];
+        foreach ($types as $t) {
+            if (stripos((string)$t, 'retract') !== false) {
+                return ['is_retracted' => 1, 'reason' => 'PubMed 标记：' . trim((string)$t)];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return [
+            'is_retracted'   => !empty($cr['is_retracted']) ? 1 : 0,
+            'reason'         => (string)($cr['retract_reason'] ?? ''),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function normalizeDoi($doi)
+    {
+        $doi = preg_replace('#^https?://(dx\.)?doi\.org/#i', '', trim((string)$doi));
+        return trim($doi, " \t\n\r\0\x0B/");
+    }
+}